The two-component and HOG signaling pathways in fungal pathogens Master and Commander in fungal pathogens: The two-component system and the HOG signaling pathway

Master and commander in fungal pathogens: the two-component system and the HOG signaling pathway.

The sho1 sensor regulates growth, morphology, and oxidant adaptation in Aspergillus fumigatus but is not essential for development of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis.

Aspergillus fumigatus is an important opportunistic fungal pathogen. This organism must be able to adapt to stress changes in the microenvironment during host invasion and systemic spread. The high-osmolarity-glycerol (HOG) mitogen-activated protein kinase (HOG-MAPK) signaling pathway plays an important role in regulating morphology, growth, and adaptation to stress and virulence in a number of...

The Jak-Stat Signaling Pathway of Interferons System: Snapshots

Interferons (IFNs) are a family of small regulatory glycoproteins that play a central role in the defense against viral infections. Although IFNs have been initially discovered as antiviral factors, today they are known as an integral part of the cytokine network that affect a wide range of biological processes. IFNs exert their pleiotropic effects through their multisubunit cell surface recept...

Plant Defensins NaD1 and NaD2 Induce Different Stress Response Pathways in Fungi

Nicotiana alata defensins 1 and 2 (NaD1 and NaD2) are plant defensins from the ornamental tobacco that have antifungal activity against a variety of fungal pathogens. Some plant defensins interact with fungal cell wall O-glycosylated proteins. Therefore, we investigated if this was the case for NaD1 and NaD2, by assessing the sensitivity of the three Aspergillus nidulans (An) O-mannosyltransfer...

آنالیز بیان افتراقی ژن ها در پاسخ به عصاره لیپوپلی ساکاریدی ازباکتری اشیرشیاکولای در سلول های اپی تلیال اندومتریوم گاوی

Lipopolysaccharide is a component of outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria involved in the pathogenic process leading to mastitis and metritis in dairy cattle. Additionally, LPS could be caused endometrium inflammation and implantation failure in many animal species. Based on economic importance of these diseases in dairy cattle industry, analysis of differential gene expression (DGE) and al...